Trees and roots near a gate opening
Root growth near a gate post can lift the post slightly over time, which throws off the gate's swing even when the hinges and gate face are otherwise sound — we check for this before assuming the fault is purely in the ironmongery.
Where a protected tree sits close to a gate opening, any post repair nearby is checked against that protection first.
Bin store gates and repeated daily wear
A gate fitted to a bin store gets opened and closed far more often than a garden gate used a few times a week, which accelerates hinge and latch wear well beyond what the timber or hardware size would normally suggest.
Specifying hardware rated for frequent use, rather than standard light-duty fittings, reduces how often these gates need attention once installed.
Pale spacing tolerance on a palisade run
Palisade pale gaps are set to a maximum spacing so a foot or hand can't find purchase between adjacent pales, and drift beyond that tolerance over a long run is usually a sign the pales were fixed by eye rather than gauged off a jig.
A gauge batten cut to the exact centre spacing keeps every bay consistent, which matters more on security runs than on a purely decorative fence because a single wider gap becomes the obvious point of attack.
Security fencing around a builders' compound
A builders' compound holding plant, materials and fuel needs a higher standard of fencing than the general site hoarding, since compound contents are a specific theft target and are often left unattended overnight or over a weekend.
Anti-climb toppings, a single monitored access gate and lighting are more commonly justified on a compound than on the wider site perimeter, given the concentration of value inside a relatively small footprint.
End-grain sealing on cut timber
End grain is far more absorbent than a timber's long faces because it exposes the open ends of the wood's vascular cells, so a post or rail cut to length on site can soak up moisture many times faster at the cut end than elsewhere.
Leaving a fresh cut untreated is one of the more common ways a pressure-treated timber ends up rotting from the middle outwards, since the factory treatment doesn't extend to a cut made after the fact.
A brush-applied end-grain preservative or sealant on every site-cut post base and rail end restores some of that lost protection, and takes only a few minutes per cut relative to the risk it avoids.
Ground movement and gate frame problems
Ground movement under a gate post — from clay shrinkage in dry summers or waterlogging in wet winters — is a common cause of a gate that suddenly starts sticking or dropping after years of working fine.
We check whether the post itself has moved before assuming the fault is in the hinges or the gate face.
Matching new post heights into an existing run
Replacing a single failed post partway along an established run means matching its height and the position of any mortices exactly to its neighbours, since posts that are even 20-30mm out throw the top line of the whole run visibly off level.
Where the ground has settled unevenly along the run since it was first built, matching height to the immediate neighbouring posts rather than to a theoretical original level usually gives a better visual result.
It's worth checking the existing posts' actual spacing before ordering a replacement panel, since older or imperial-measured runs sometimes used spacing that doesn't match a modern metric panel exactly.
When a failed post means replacing the gate too
A hanging post that's rotted at ground level usually needs full replacement rather than repair, and because the gate is bolted directly to that post, the gate itself often has to come off and be reassessed for damage during the process even if the gate was previously sound.
This is worth explaining clearly to a client who's expecting a simple post swap, since the gate's own hinges and fixings may need attention at the same time.
Checking for secondary damage after a fence has fallen flat
Once a section of fence has actually fallen rather than just leaning, it's worth checking what it fell onto or against — a shed, a parked car, planting — since secondary damage from the fall is sometimes the more significant repair cost.
The fallen section itself also needs assessing for whether any timber is still reusable, since a fall can snap fixings without necessarily destroying the panel or boards, which affects how much of the repair is replacement versus refitting.
Using profile boards at corners
Profile boards — a horizontal board fixed between two pegs set back from the actual corner — let a string line be set, removed and reinstated at the exact same point throughout a job without disturbing the corner itself.
They're most useful where a run turns through an angle, since the intersecting lines from two boards mark the true corner point independently of any post already dug.
Leaving the boards in place until the last post is set and checked avoids the common error of the line creeping slightly as pegs get knocked or the string is re-tied.
Creosote and its substitutes
Traditional creosote, a tar-oil wood preservative, gives strong protection against rot and insects but is now restricted to professional and agricultural use in the UK following changes in chemical regulation, and isn't available for general retail sale.
Modern water-based and oil-based substitute preservatives aim to replicate creosote's protective performance without the same handling and environmental restrictions, though some traditionalists consider the older tar-oil formulations more effective on long-term exposed structural timber.
Fencing sold as 'creosoted' to the public today is typically treated with one of these substitute formulations rather than genuine creosote, since supply of the original product to non-professional users has been curtailed.
Surface preparation before re-coating
Re-coating over an existing failed or flaking finish without preparation traps whatever is underneath — old paint fragments, algae, or degraded stain — and the new coat fails at the same points within a season.
A light sand or wire-brush pass to remove loose material, followed by a full dry-out period, gives a fresh coat something sound to key into rather than a film sitting over compromised timber.
Timing matters as much as preparation: coating damp timber traps moisture under the new film and is one of the most common reasons a re-coat fails faster than the original application.
Height and visibility rules for gates
A driveway or front gate is subject to the same permitted development height limits as a boundary fence, and a gate near a junction or a shared driveway has additional visibility requirements to keep sightlines clear for road users.
We check these before recommending a taller or more solid replacement gate, not just when repairing an existing one.
Equestrian and paddock fencing basics
Post-and-rail is the standard equestrian boundary because it's forgiving on impact — a horse pushing against it is less likely to be injured than against wire or a rigid panel, and any wire used alongside timber rails needs to be clearly visible, not fine-gauge stock wire that a horse can't see.
Field gate widths for equestrian use are wider than a domestic garden gate, usually at least 3.6m, to allow a horse to be led through without crowding the gateposts.
Paddock fence lines also need checking for toxic hedge or tree species growing along the boundary, since horses can reach through post-and-rail in a way they can't through a solid fence.
Diagnosing which of the three usual causes applies
Almost every failing gate comes down to the hinge side, the frame or the ironmongery, and diagnosing which one it actually is before quoting avoids paying for a new gate that wasn't needed.
We check hinge fixings, frame square and latch alignment separately on site rather than assuming from how the gate looks.
A survey checklist for ground conditions
A useful pre-quote ground check covers a short list of practical questions: what does a trial hole show in the first 300-450mm, is there any standing or seeping water, are there visible roots or a stump near the line, and does the ground rise or fall noticeably along the run.
It's also worth asking the client directly about anything not visible on the surface — a known soakaway, an old outbuilding, a buried oil tank or a recent extension — since owners often know details that a visual survey alone won't reveal.
Recording these findings against each section of the run, rather than a single note for the whole boundary, is what allows post depth and base type to be specified accurately rather than uniformly guessed.
Setting out a line over a sloping plot
On a slope, a string line pulled level between two posts of equal height will sit above the ground at one end and below it at the other, so setting out has to work from a boning rod or a laser level rather than the string alone.
The usual method is to fix the top and bottom posts first, establish the actual fall between them, then decide bay by bay whether intermediate posts step down in even drops or follow the ground continuously.
Getting this decision agreed before any post is concreted matters, because changing from a stepped to a raked layout partway along a run after posts are set means starting again.
Checking wall coping condition before fixing into it
Coping stones or brick-on-edge capping along the top of a garden wall are often loosely bedded rather than solidly fixed, so drilling or clamping a fence post bracket into coping without checking it first can dislodge the coping itself.
A quick check by hand-pressure on each coping unit along the intended fixing line identifies any that are already loose, which is worth doing before committing to that wall as a fixing point at all.
Where coping is sound, spreading the fixing load across a bracket plate rather than a single point fixing reduces the chance of cracking the coping under wind load on the panels above.
Listed and period properties
A listed building's curtilage can bring garden walls, railings and even historic fence posts within the scope of listed building consent, regardless of the general permitted development rules that would apply to an unlisted house next door.
Cast iron railings removed during wartime salvage are a common feature many period properties never had reinstated, and some conservation officers now encourage sympathetic replacement rather than modern panel fencing on street-facing boundaries.
Consent applications for listed curtilage work typically want a heritage-appropriate material and jointing method specified up front, so it's worth involving the conservation officer before, not after, a design is finalised.
Arched top gates and curved rail jointing
An arched top gate needs a curved top rail jointed into straight stiles, and that curved rail is usually built up from several shaped sections rather than cut from a single curved timber, since a single piece cut across the grain to follow the curve would be structurally weak.
Repairs to a cracked arched rail need to identify which built-up section has failed rather than treating the whole curve as one component.
Setting the centre gap on double gates
The gap at the centre where two gate leaves meet needs to be tight enough to look intentional and resist being forced apart, but not so tight that seasonal swelling causes the two leaves to bind against each other in wet weather.
A drop bolt or cane bolt on one leaf, engaged before the other leaf is latched, helps keep this centre gap consistent over repeated use rather than relying on the latch alone.
Checking post plumb tolerance after installation
A post that's slightly off plumb when first set can be adjusted while the concrete is still workable, but once cured the only fix is breaking out and resetting it, so plumb is checked with a spirit level in two directions before the pour rather than assumed from a quick visual check.
A run of posts each slightly off plumb in the same direction is usually a sign of a systematic setting-out error rather than individual mistakes, and is worth catching after the first two or three posts rather than the whole run.